<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<journal>
<title>Journal of Studies in Applied Language</title>
<title_fa>Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† Ú©Ø§ÙˆÛŒ Ú©Ø§Ø±Ø¨Ø±Ø¯ÛŒ</title_fa>
<short_title>JSAL</short_title>
<subject>Literature &amp; Humanities</subject>
<web_url>http://jsal.ierf.ir</web_url>
<journal_hbi_system_id>1</journal_hbi_system_id>
<journal_hbi_system_user>admin</journal_hbi_system_user>
<journal_id_issn>2980-9304</journal_id_issn>
<journal_id_issn_online>2980-9304</journal_id_issn_online>
<journal_id_pii></journal_id_pii>
<journal_id_doi>10.61186/jsal</journal_id_doi>
<journal_id_iranmedex></journal_id_iranmedex>
<journal_id_magiran></journal_id_magiran>
<journal_id_sid></journal_id_sid>
<journal_id_nlai></journal_id_nlai>
<journal_id_science></journal_id_science>
<language>fa</language>
<pubdate>
	<type>jalali</type>
	<year>1404</year>
	<month>6</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<pubdate>
	<type>gregorian</type>
	<year>2025</year>
	<month>9</month>
	<day>1</day>
</pubdate>
<volume>8</volume>
<number>3</number>
<publish_type>online</publish_type>
<publish_edition>1</publish_edition>
<article_type>fulltext</article_type>
<articleset>
	<article>


	<language>fa</language>
	<article_id_doi></article_id_doi>
	<title_fa>ØªØ­Ù„ÛŒÙ„ Ø³Ø§Ø®ØªØ§Ø± ØµØ±ÙÛŒ Ù€ Ù†Ø­ÙˆÛŒ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ  Ùˆ Ù†Ø³Ø¨Øª Ø¢Ù† Ø¨Ø§ Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù… ÙØ¹Ù„ÛŒ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ</title_fa>
	<title>A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Verbal Structure in the Laki Dialect and Its Relation to the Persian Verb System [In Persian]</title>
	<subject_fa>Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³ÛŒ Ø§Ø¬ØªÙ…Ø§Ø¹ÛŒ</subject_fa>
	<subject>Sociolinguistics</subject>
	<content_type_fa>Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´ÙŠ</content_type_fa>
	<content_type>Research</content_type>
	<abstract_fa>&lt;div dir=&quot;rtl&quot; style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:2;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:nasimYW;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:14px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;direction:rtl&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;unicode-bidi:embed&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;AR-SA&quot;&gt;Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´ Ø­Ø§Ø¶Ø± Ø¨Ø§ Ø±ÙˆÛŒÚ©Ø±Ø¯ÛŒ ØªÙˆØµÛŒÙÛŒ Ù€ ØªØ­Ù„ÛŒÙ„ÛŒ Ø¨Ù‡ Ø¨Ø±Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ø³Ø§Ø®ØªØ§Ø± ØµØ±ÙÛŒ Ùˆ Ù†Ø­ÙˆÛŒ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ Ùˆ ØªØ¨ÛŒÛŒÙ† Ù†Ø³Ø¨Øª Ø¢Ù† Ø¨Ø§ Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù… ÙØ¹Ù„ÛŒ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ù¾Ø±Ø¯Ø§Ø²Ø¯. Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒØŒ Ø§Ø² Ø´Ø§Ø®Ù‡&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø´Ù…Ø§Ù„&#8204;ØºØ±Ø¨ÛŒ Ùˆ Ø¨Ø§Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù†Ø¯Ù‡&#8204;Ø§ÛŒ Ø§Ø² Ù¾Ù‡Ù„ÙˆÛŒ Ù…ÛŒØ§Ù†Ù‡ØŒ Ø¯Ø± Ù…Ù†Ø§Ø·Ù‚ ØºØ±Ø¨ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù† Ø¨Ù‡&#8204;ÙˆÛŒÚ˜Ù‡ Ø¯Ø± Ø§Ø³ØªØ§Ù† Ù„Ø±Ø³ØªØ§Ù† Ùˆ Ø¨Ø®Ø´&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒÛŒ Ø§Ø² Ú©Ø±Ù…Ø§Ù†Ø´Ø§Ù‡ØŒ Ø§ÛŒÙ„Ø§Ù… Ùˆ Ù‡Ù…Ø¯Ø§Ù† Ø±ÙˆØ§Ø¬ Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø¯ Ùˆ Ø§Ø² Ù†Ø¸Ø± ØªØ§Ø±ÛŒØ®ÛŒ Ùˆ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø¬Ø§ÛŒÚ¯Ø§Ù‡ÛŒ Ù…ÛŒØ§Ù† Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ú©Ø±Ø¯ÛŒ Ùˆ Ù„Ø±ÛŒ Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø¯. Ø¨Ø§ ÙˆØ¬ÙˆØ¯ Ø§Ø®ØªÙ„Ø§Ù&#8204;Ù†Ø¸Ø± Ù…ÛŒØ§Ù† Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†&#8204;Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³Ø§Ù† Ø¯Ø±Ø¨Ø§Ø±Ù‡ Ù…Ø§Ù‡ÛŒØª Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†ÛŒ ÛŒØ§ Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ÛŒ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒØŒ Ø§ØºÙ„Ø¨ Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø¬Ø¯ÛŒØ¯ Ø¢Ù† Ø±Ø§ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ù…Ø³ØªÙ‚Ù„ Ø¨Ø§ Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù… Ø¯Ø³ØªÙˆØ±ÛŒ Ù…Ù†Ø³Ø¬Ù… Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ø¯Ø§Ù†Ù†Ø¯. Ø¯Ø± Ø§ÛŒÙ† Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´ØŒ Ø³Ø§Ø®ØªÙ…Ø§Ù† ÙØ¹Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ Ø§Ø² Ø­ÛŒØ« Ø§Ø¬Ø²Ø§ÛŒ Ø³Ø§Ø²Ù†Ø¯Ù‡ (Ø¨Ù†ØŒ Ù¾ÛŒØ´ÙˆÙ†Ø¯ØŒ Ù¾Ø³ÙˆÙ†Ø¯ØŒ Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³Ù‡ Ùˆ Ù†Ø´Ø§Ù†Ù‡&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ùˆ ÙˆØ¬Ù‡ÛŒ) Ø¨Ø±Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ø´Ø¯ Ùˆ Ù†ØªØ§ÛŒØ¬ Ø¨Ø§ Ø³Ø§Ø®Øª ÙØ¹Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ù…Ø¹ÛŒØ§Ø± Ù…Ù‚Ø§ÛŒØ³Ù‡ Ú¯Ø±Ø¯ÛŒØ¯. Ø¯Ø§Ø¯Ù‡&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ù…ÛŒØ¯Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø­Ø§ØµÙ„ Ø§Ø² Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ÙˆØ±Ø§Ù† Ù…Ù†Ø§Ø·Ù‚ Ù…Ø®ØªÙ„Ù Ù„ÙŽÚ©&#8204;Ù†Ø´ÛŒÙ† Ù†Ø´Ø§Ù† Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ø¯Ù‡Ø¯ Ú©Ù‡ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ù„ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒØŒ Ù‡Ù…Ø§Ù†Ù†Ø¯ ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒØŒ Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø§ÛŒ Ø¨Ù† ÙØ¹Ù„ÛŒ Ø«Ø§Ø¨Øª&#8204;Ø§Ù†Ø¯ Ú©Ù‡ Ø¨Ø§ Ø§ÙØ²ÙˆØ¯Ù† Ù¾ÛŒØ´ÙˆÙ†Ø¯Ù‡Ø§ Ùˆ Ù¾Ø³ÙˆÙ†Ø¯Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ ØµØ±ÙÛŒØŒ Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù†ØŒ Ø´Ø®Øµ Ùˆ ÙˆØ¬Ù‡ Ø±Ø§ Ù†Ø´Ø§Ù† Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ø¯Ù‡Ù†Ø¯. Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù… Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ø§ÛŒÙ† Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ø¨Ø± Ø³Ù‡ Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù† Ø§ØµÙ„ÛŒ Ú¯Ø°Ø´ØªÙ‡ØŒ Ø­Ø§Ù„ Ùˆ Ø¢ÛŒÙ†Ø¯Ù‡ Ø§Ø³ØªÙˆØ§Ø± Ø§Ø³Øª Ùˆ Ø¯Ø± Ù‡Ø± Ø²Ù…Ø§Ù†ØŒ Ø³Ø§Ø®Øª&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø³Ø§Ø¯Ù‡ Ùˆ Ù…Ø±Ú©Ø¨ ÙˆØ¬ÙˆØ¯ Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø¯. Ø¨Ø±Ø±Ø³ÛŒ&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ Ø¨ÛŒØ§Ù†Ú¯Ø± Ø¢Ù† Ø§Ø³Øª Ú©Ù‡ Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³Ù‡&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ ÙØ¹Ù„ÛŒ Ø¯Ø± Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ Ø¨Ø§ Ø§Ù†Ø¯Ú©ÛŒ ØªÙØ§ÙˆØª Ø¢ÙˆØ§ÛŒÛŒ Ø§Ø² ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ ØªØ¨Ø¹ÛŒØª Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ú©Ù†Ù†Ø¯ Ùˆ Ø§Ø² Ù†Ø¸Ø± Ù†Ø­ÙˆÛŒ Ù†ÛŒØ² ØªØ±ØªÛŒØ¨ Ø¬Ù…Ù„Ù‡ ØºØ§Ù„Ø¨Ø§Ù‹ Ù†Ù‡Ø§Ø¯ + Ù…ÙØ¹ÙˆÙ„ + ÙØ¹Ù„ Ø§Ø³Øª. Ù†Ú©ØªÙ‡ Ø¯Ø±Ø®ÙˆØ± ØªÙˆØ¬Ù‡ Ø¢Ù†&#8204;Ú©Ù‡ØŒ Ù‡Ù…Ø§Ù†Ù†Ø¯ ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒØŒ Ø§ÙØ¹Ø§Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ Ø¨Ù‡ Ø¯Ùˆ Ú¯Ø±ÙˆÙ‡ Ø­Ø±Ú©ØªÛŒ Ùˆ ØºÛŒØ±Ø­Ø±Ú©ØªÛŒ ØªÙ‚Ø³ÛŒÙ… Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ø´ÙˆÙ†Ø¯ Ùˆ Ù‚ÙˆØ§Ø¹Ø¯ Ù‡Ù…Ø§Ù‡Ù†Ú¯ÛŒ ÙØ¹Ù„ Ø¨Ø§ Ù†Ù‡Ø§Ø¯ Ø¯Ø± Ø´Ø®Øµ Ùˆ Ø´Ù…Ø§Ø± Ø¯Ø± Ø§ÛŒÙ† Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ø­ÙØ¸ Ø´Ø¯Ù‡ Ø§Ø³Øª. ÛŒØ§ÙØªÙ‡&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒÙ† Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´ Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ§ÛŒ Ø¢Ù† Ø§Ø³Øª Ú©Ù‡ Ø¹Ù„Ø§ÙˆÙ‡ Ø¨Ø± Ø´Ø¨Ø§Ù‡Øª&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ ØµØ±ÙÛŒØŒ Ø§Ø² Ø¯ÛŒØ¯Ú¯Ø§Ù‡ Ù…Ø¹Ù†Ø§Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³ÛŒ Ùˆ Ú©Ø§Ø±Ø¨Ø±Ø¯Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³ÛŒ Ù†ÛŒØ² Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù… ÙØ¹Ù„ÛŒ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ Ø¨Ø§Ø²ØªØ§Ø¨ÛŒ Ø§Ø² Ù¾ÛŒÙˆØ³ØªÚ¯ÛŒ ØªØ§Ø±ÛŒØ®ÛŒ Ùˆ ÙØ±Ù‡Ù†Ú¯ÛŒ Ø¢Ù† Ø¨Ø§ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ùˆ Ø¯ÛŒÚ¯Ø± Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø§Ø³Øª. Ù†ØªÛŒØ¬Ù‡ Ù†Ù‡Ø§ÛŒÛŒ Ù¾Ú˜ÙˆÙ‡Ø´ Ù†Ø´Ø§Ù† Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;Ø¯Ù‡Ø¯ Ú©Ù‡ Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ ÙˆØ§Ø¬Ø¯ Ù†Ø¸Ø§Ù…ÛŒ Ù¾ÙˆÛŒØ§ Ùˆ Ù…Ø³ØªÙ‚Ù„ Ø¯Ø± Ø³Ø§Ø®Øª ÙØ¹Ù„ Ø§Ø³ØªØŒ Ø§Ù…Ø§ Ø¯Ø± Ø¹ÛŒÙ† Ø­Ø§Ù„ØŒ Ù¾ÛŒÙˆÙ†Ø¯Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ú˜Ø±ÙÛŒ Ø¨Ø§ ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø¯ Ú©Ù‡ Ø±ÛŒØ´Ù‡ Ø¯Ø± ØªØ¯Ø§ÙˆÙ… Ø³Ù†Øª Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù† Ø¨Ø§Ø³ØªØ§Ù† Ø¯Ø§Ø±Ø¯. Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø®Øª Ø¹Ù…ÛŒÙ‚ Ø§ÛŒÙ† Ø³Ø§Ø®ØªØ§Ø±Ù‡Ø§ Ù…ÛŒ&#8204;ØªÙˆØ§Ù†Ø¯ Ø²Ù…ÛŒÙ†Ù‡&#8204;Ø³Ø§Ø² Ø¨Ø±Ø±Ø³ÛŒ&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ ØªØ·Ø¨ÛŒÙ‚ÛŒ Ú¯Ø³ØªØ±Ø¯Ù‡&#8204;ØªØ± Ø¯Ø± Ø­ÙˆØ²Ù‡ Ø¯Ø³ØªÙˆØ± ØªØ·Ø¨ÛŒÙ‚ÛŒ Ùˆ Ø±Ø¯Ù‡&#8204;Ø´Ù†Ø§Ø³ÛŒ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù†&#8204;Ù‡Ø§ÛŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†ÛŒ Ø¨Ø§Ø´Ø¯.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot; style=&quot;font-family:IRLotus&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract_fa>
	<abstract>&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:Times New Roman;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:12px;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;line-height:2;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;Adopting a descriptiveâ€‘analytical approach, this study examines the morphosyntactic structure of verbs in the Laki dialect and explores its relationship with the verbal system of standard Persian. Laki, a branch of the Northwestern Iranian languages and a descendant of Middle Pahlavi, is spoken in western Iran&amp;mdash;particularly in Lorestan as well as parts of Kermanshah, Ilam, and Hamadan&amp;mdash;and occupies an intermediate position between the Kurdish and Luri language groups. Although linguists disagree on whether Laki constitutes an independent language or a dialect, most recent studies regard it as an autonomous system with a coherent grammar. In this research, the internal structure of Laki verbs is analyzed in terms of their constitutive elements (stem, prefixes, suffixes, personal endings, and tense or mood markers), and the findings are compared with the Persian verb paradigm. Field data collected from native speakers across Lakiâ€‘speaking regions confirm that, similar to Persian, Laki verbs possess stable verb stems that express tense, person, and mood through inflectional affixes. The tense system is organized around three basic temporal categories&amp;mdash;past, present, and future&amp;mdash;each encompassing both simple and compound constructions. The analysis further indicates that Laki verbal endings largely correspond to their Persian counterparts, with only minor phonetic variation, while the predominant syntactic order remains Subjectâ€‘Objectâ€‘Verb (SOV). Notably, as in Persian, Laki verbs are classified into motion and nonâ€‘motion types, and subjectâ€‘verb agreement in person and number is consistently maintained. The findings suggest that beyond morphological similarities, the semantic and pragmatic organization of the Laki verbal system reflects its deep historical and cultural continuity with Persian and other Iranian languages. Overall, the study concludes that Laki exhibits an independent yet dynamically related verbal system rooted in the enduring linguistic heritage of ancient Iran. A deeper understanding of these structures may serve as a foundation for broader comparative and typological studies within Iranian linguistics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</abstract>
	<keyword_fa>Ø³Ø§Ø®Øªâ€ŒÙˆØ§Ú˜Ù‡, ØµØ±Ù ÙØ¹Ù„, Ú¯ÙˆÛŒØ´ Ù„ÙŽÚ©ÛŒ, Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ, Ø¯Ø³ØªÙˆØ± ØªØ·Ø¨ÛŒÙ‚ÛŒ</keyword_fa>
	<keyword>Morphology, Verb Inflection, Laki Dialect, Persian Language, Comparative Grammar</keyword>
	<start_page>127</start_page>
	<end_page>156</end_page>
	<web_url>http://jsal.ierf.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-250-1&amp;slc_lang=fa&amp;sid=1</web_url>


<author_list>
	<author>
	<first_name>Ali</first_name>
	<middle_name></middle_name>
	<last_name>Bazvand</last_name>
	<suffix></suffix>
	<first_name_fa>Ø¹Ù„ÛŒ</first_name_fa>
	<middle_name_fa></middle_name_fa>
	<last_name_fa>Ø¨Ø§Ø²ÙˆÙ†Ø¯</last_name_fa>
	<suffix_fa></suffix_fa>
	<email>dr.bazvanda@cfu.ac.ir</email>
	<code>10031947532846001206</code>
	<orcid>10031947532846001206</orcid>
	<coreauthor>Yes
</coreauthor>
	<affiliation>Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
	<affiliation_fa>Ø§Ø³ØªØ§Ø¯ÛŒØ§Ø± Ú¯Ø±ÙˆÙ‡ Ø¢Ù…ÙˆØ²Ø´ Ø²Ø¨Ø§Ù† Ùˆ Ø§Ø¯Ø¨ÛŒØ§Øª ÙØ§Ø±Ø³ÛŒ Ø¯Ø§Ù†Ø´Ú¯Ø§Ù‡ ÙØ±Ù‡Ù†Ú¯ÛŒØ§Ù†ØŒ ØªÙ‡Ø±Ø§Ù†ØŒ Ø§ÛŒØ±Ø§Ù†</affiliation_fa>
	 </author>


</author_list>


	</article>
</articleset>
</journal>
