Volume 6, Issue 1 (Journal of Studies in Applied Language (JSAL) 2023)                   JSAL 2023, 6(1): 1-31 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Farah Bakhsh A, Moayeri Farsi H. (2023). Analyzing the Stylistic-Linguistic Suitability of Mirjalaluddin Kazazi's Translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh by Chértin Dutroy based on the Action Space of the Text [In Persian]. JSAL. 6(1), 1-31. doi:10.52547/jsal.6.1.1
URL: http://jsal.ierf.ir/article-1-21-en.html
1- Associate Professor of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences,Guilan University, Rasht, Iran , alirezafarahbakhsh@guilan.ac.ir
2- Bachelor of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran
Abstract:   (1842 Views)
A high example of battle and honor in romance (a subgenre of narrative poetry in European literature), the idea of the knight and chivalry developed gradually across history from the early Roman Empire to the middle of the Middle Ages. One of the first well-known French romance authors, Chértin de Troyes, penned six poems on the stories of King Arthur, of which five have survived: Ork and Enid, Eoin: The Lion Knight, Cleggs, Percival: The Tale of the Cup, and the Chariot Knight. The romance of the charioteer by Dutroy holds a significant position in the legends of King Arthur because it lays the foundation for the duties and ideals of chivalry, such as courtly love, respect for ladies, and Christian principles, by bringing the French Lancelot to the group of the king's knights. This love story was translated into Farsi by Mirjalaluddin Kezazi and published as Shaheswar Arabeh. The purpose of the current study is to evaluate how well Kezazi's translation of Shaheswar Arabeh, one of the most well-known medieval romances, adheres to the original text. This study looks at how well Kazzazi's translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh adheres to the rules of chivalry, the language used in the original text, and how these rules and the culture of chivalry are reflected in the translation based on the action space of the text. Semantic content creates action via cohabitation in a chain and is focused on the activities of characters or agents of action and the consequences created by them. They encompass the explicit meanings coming from the action and relationships of the component pieces of the text. To observe the romantic style and the chivalric customs, the translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh has been analyzed on the three levels of words, tone, and grammar. To observe the romantic style and the chivalric customs, the translation of Shaheswar Arrabeh has been analyzed on the three levels of words, tone, and grammar. The words, tone, and grammar used in each of these three levels have been evaluated while being compared to similar elements in the original text to identify and analyze the similarities and differences. These comparisons were made to assess the language's archaism (archaicism), brutality and combativeness, expression of tenderness and elegance, use of folk literature, and narrative and descriptive language. The results of this study demonstrate how Kazzazi deviates from the original text's style by insisting on utilizing archaic and epic terms rather than lyrical words and folk idioms, which are key elements of the medieval romance language. The translation language deviates from the romantic style and violates the fundamental tenets of chivalric culture on a tonal level due to archaism, epic and non-narrative mood, and the preference for Persian occlusive sounds over Arabic abrasive sounds. Grammar-wise, Kazazi did not adhere to the medieval romance style and did not respect the language of chivalry, as seen by the supremacy of the epic language over the lyrical language, the intricacy of the phrase, and the archaic syntax.
Full-Text [PDF 464 kb]   (1225 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Sociolinguistics
Received: 2021/12/30 | Accepted: 2022/05/5 | Published: 2023/03/1

References
1. Amid, H., (2010). Amid's Persian dictionary. Tehran: Farhang-Nama Publications.
2. Baldick, C. (2008). The Oxford Dictionary of Literary Terms. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Braheni, R., (1989). Story writing, Tehran: Alborz Publications.
4. Bruckner, M., (1993). Shaping Romance. Pennsylvania: University of Pennsylvania Press.
5. Dad, S., (1993). Literary terminology. Tehran: Morvarid Publications.
6. Dehkhoda, A., (1998). Dictionary, Tehran: University Publications.
7. Dronke, P., (1968). The Medieval Lyric. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
8. Emami, M., (2017). "Examining and recognizing the types of tone and its connection with reading skills in the 8th Persian book (1st year of secondary school)", Journal of Pouyesh in Humanities Education, Pouyesh in Humanities Education, Vol. 3, No. 7, pp. 16-31. Doi: 20.1001.1.27172260.1396.3.7.4.4.
9. Frappier, J., (1995). Le Chevalier de la Charrett. Paris: Honore Champion.
10. Gaunt, S., (2000). "Romance and other Genres", The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Romance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. [DOI:10.1017/CCOL0521553423.004]
11. Gholamrezaei, M., (2008). The stylistics of Persian poetry from Rudaki to Shamlu. Tehran: Jami Publications.
12. Grimbert, J., (2012). "Chretien in Translation", Medieval Literature, Vol. 19, pp. 16-22. [DOI:10.1080/07374836.1986.10523364]
13. Hakemi, I., (2003). The religion of chivalry. Tehran: Asatir Publishing House.
14. Hardman, P., (2002). The Matter of Identity in Medieval Romance. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer.
15. Harf-Lancer, L., (2005). Chretien's Literary Background, The Cambridge Companion to Medieval Romance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
16. Homaei, J., (1994). Rhetorical Techniques and Literary Industries. Tehran: Homa Publications.
17. Keen, M., (1984). Chivalry. New Haven & London: Yale University Press.
18. Khatun abadi, l., (2012). Keikhosro: The ideal of the Iranian Shah. Tehran: Jahan Kitab Publications.
19. Knowles, E., (2005). The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fables. Oxford: Oxford University press.
20. Krueger, R., (2003). The Evolution of French Prose Romance. Cambridege: Cambridge University Press.
21. Lacy, N. J. (1987). The Legacy of Chretien de Troyes. Amsterdam: Rodopi. [DOI:10.1163/9789004463578]
22. Loomis, R. S. (1949). Arthurian Tradition & Chretien de Troyes. New York: Columbia University Press. [DOI:10.7312/loom90420]
23. Mahdizadeh Fard, B., (2014). "Descriptive narrative and narrative description in fictional literature", review letter: Collection of articles of the National Conference of Literary Theory and Criticism in Iran, Vol. 3, pp. 269-284.
24. Malek Thabet, M., (2011). "The model of epic language analysis", Persian language and literature research quarterly, Vol. 11, No. 24, pp. 179-143.
25. Mandanipour, S., (2005). Shahrazad's ghosts, Tehran: Gognus Publications.
26. McCoy, R. C. (1989). The Rites of Knighthood: The Literature and Politics of Elizabethan Chivalry. Berkeley & Los Angeles: University of California Press. [DOI:10.1525/9780520331716]
27. Miremadi, A., (1997). Farsi syntax. Tehran: Samt Publications.
28. Mirsadeghi, J., (2001). Story elements. Tehran: Sokhan Publications.
29. Motamen, Z., (1985). Persian poetry and literature. Tehran: Zarin Publications.
30. Nazerzadeh, F., (2004). An introduction to playwriting. Tehran: Samt Publications.
31. Newsted, H., (1967). "Romances: General", A Manual of the Writings in Middle English, Vol. 1, pp. 11-16.
32. Nurpisheh, M., (2009). "Grammatical deviation in contemporary poetry", Baharestan Sokhan Literature Persian Quarterly, Vol. 6, No. 13, pp. 202-169.
33. Owen, D. D. R. (1987). The Complete Romances of Chretien de Troyes. London: Everyman.
34. Rahmani, H., (2014). "Research on the nature and essence of lyrical literature", International conference for the promotion of Persian language and literature, 10th period, pp. 58-70.
35. Riddy, F., (1987). Sir Thomas Malory. Leiden: E. J. Brill.
36. Roshanzadeh, M., (2017). "Analysis of tone in ninth grade Persian book", the quarterly journal of the development of Persian language and literature education, Vol. 32, No. 124, pp. 82-88.
37. Sadeghian, M. A., (2009). "Epic tone in elemental poems", Parsi Quarterly, Vol. 10, No. 48, pp. 150-174.
38. Sadri Nia B. (2009) "Historical Background and Theoretical Bases of Pure writing". Journal of Persian language and literature, Vol. 17, No. 65, pp 99-127
39. Safa, Z. A., (1978). History of literature in Iran. Tehran.
40. Salari, M., (2019). "Comparing the traditional and modern Persian grammar", The scientific journal of Islamic human sciences, Vol. 6, No. 22, pp. 108-113.
41. Shafiei Kadkani, M. R., (2001). Periods of Persian poetry. Tehran: Sokhon Publications.
42. Shafiei Kadkani, M. R., (2005). Poetry music, Tehran: Aghah Publications.
43. Shamisa, C., (2004). literary criticism, Tehran: Ferdous Publications.
44. Shayganfar, H., (2018). "Khorasani Style", Great Islamic Encyclopedia, Vol. 12, No. 22, pp. 147-154.
45. Stevens, J. E. (1973). Medieval Romance: Themes and Approaches. London: Hutchinson.
46. Troyes, Chrétien de., (2010). Lancelot: The Knight of the Cart, Translation: Mirjalaluddin Kezazi, Tehran: Moein Publications.
47. Zakeri kish, O. (2019). Elements of Lyrical Language in Taqazzols (Sonnets) of Farrukhi Sistani. Textual Criticism of Persian Literature, Vol 11, No 2, pp 95-109. doi: 10.22108/rpll.2018.112759.1372.

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Send email to the article author


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.