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Volume 8, Issue 3 (9-2025)
JSAL 2025, 8(3): 127-156 |
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Bazvand A. (2025). A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Verbal Structure in the Laki Dialect and Its Relation to the Persian Verb System [In Persian]. JSAL. 8(3), 127-156.
URL: http://jsal.ierf.ir/article-1-200-en.html
URL: http://jsal.ierf.ir/article-1-200-en.html
Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Farhangian University, Tehran, Iran , dr.bazvanda@cfu.ac.ir
Abstract: (1686 Views)
Adopting a descriptive‑analytical approach, this study examines the morphosyntactic structure of verbs in the Laki dialect and explores its relationship with the verbal system of standard Persian. Laki, a branch of the Northwestern Iranian languages and a descendant of Middle Pahlavi, is spoken in western Iran—particularly in Lorestan as well as parts of Kermanshah, Ilam, and Hamadan—and occupies an intermediate position between the Kurdish and Luri language groups. Although linguists disagree on whether Laki constitutes an independent language or a dialect, most recent studies regard it as an autonomous system with a coherent grammar. In this research, the internal structure of Laki verbs is analyzed in terms of their constitutive elements (stem, prefixes, suffixes, personal endings, and tense or mood markers), and the findings are compared with the Persian verb paradigm. Field data collected from native speakers across Laki‑speaking regions confirm that, similar to Persian, Laki verbs possess stable verb stems that express tense, person, and mood through inflectional affixes. The tense system is organized around three basic temporal categories—past, present, and future—each encompassing both simple and compound constructions. The analysis further indicates that Laki verbal endings largely correspond to their Persian counterparts, with only minor phonetic variation, while the predominant syntactic order remains Subject‑Object‑Verb (SOV). Notably, as in Persian, Laki verbs are classified into motion and non‑motion types, and subject‑verb agreement in person and number is consistently maintained. The findings suggest that beyond morphological similarities, the semantic and pragmatic organization of the Laki verbal system reflects its deep historical and cultural continuity with Persian and other Iranian languages. Overall, the study concludes that Laki exhibits an independent yet dynamically related verbal system rooted in the enduring linguistic heritage of ancient Iran. A deeper understanding of these structures may serve as a foundation for broader comparative and typological studies within Iranian linguistics
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Sociolinguistics
Received: 2025/07/20 | Accepted: 2025/08/23 | Published: 2025/09/1
Received: 2025/07/20 | Accepted: 2025/08/23 | Published: 2025/09/1
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